BRAINCAKE

Cell Structure

AQA AS-level BiologyTopic 4 of 1426 lessons

Revision notes for Cell Structure in AQA Biology (7401). Read the start of any lesson here, then sign in free for the whole lesson, the R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps and the quiz.

  1. MagnificationMagnification is how many times larger the image is compared to the actual object.
  2. ResolutionThe resolution of a microscope is the ability to see two individual objects that are close together as separate entities and determines the amount…
  3. Cell FractionationCell fractionation is the process of isolating large numbers of individual organelles to study their function.
  4. UltracentrifugationA high-speed centrifuge is able to separate out small particles by subjecting them to a centrifugal force.
  5. Light MicroscopeA compound light microscope has two lenses - an eyepiece lens and an objective lens.
  6. Measuring CellsThe eyepiece graticule and stage micrometer are used to measure the actual size of specimens.
  7. Electron MicroscopeThe resolution of a microscope is about half its wavelength.
  8. Transmission Electron MicroscopeThe transmission electron microscope passes a beam of electrons through a thin specimen and focuses the electrons that have passed through the…
  9. Scanning Electron MicroscopeThe scanning electron microscope scans the surface of the specimen with a beam of electrons.
  10. The NucleusThe nucleus is the largest organelle in the cell.
  11. MitochondriaMitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration.
  12. ChloroplastsChloroplasts are found in the leaves and stems and are the site of photosynthesis.
  13. Endoplasmic ReticulumThe endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes surrounding flattened membranous sacs called cisternae.
  14. Golgi ApparatusThe Golgi Apparatus is a stack of flattened interconnected sacs called cisternae.
  15. LysosomesVesicles are fluid filled sacs formed from single membranes.
  16. RibosomesRibosomes are the site of protein synthesis.
  17. Cell WallThe cell wall encloses all plant cells.
  18. VacuolesA vacuole is a membrane-bound cell organelle.
  19. Cell Structure and FunctionThe cell is the basic unit of all living things.
  20. Cell SpecialisationMulticellular organisms have cells that are specialised to carry out different functions.
  21. TissuesA tissue is a group of similar cells working together to carry out a specific function.
  22. OrgansTissues are aggregated into organs.
  23. Organ SystemsOrgan systems are a collection of organs working together to carry out a function.
  24. Prokaryotic Cell StructureProkaryotic organisms are unicellular and the cells have a simple structure.
  25. Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic CellsIn Eukaryotes, linear DNA exists as many chromosomes associated with histone proteins (chromatin) in the nucleus which is enclosed by the nuclear…
  26. VirusesViruses are non-living particles made up of nucleic acid (RNA or DNA) enclosed in a protein coat or capsid.

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