BRAINCAKECell Structure
Revision notes for Cell Structure in AQA Biology (7401). Every lesson in BrainCake comes with R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps, a quick check and spaced reviews.
- MagnificationMagnification is how many times larger the image is compared to the actual object.
- ResolutionThe resolution of a microscope is the ability to see two individual objects that are close together as separate entities and determines the amount…
- Cell FractionationCell fractionation is the process of isolating large numbers of individual organelles to study their function.
- UltracentrifugationA high-speed centrifuge is able to separate out small particles by subjecting them to a centrifugal force.
- Light MicroscopeA compound light microscope has two lenses - an eyepiece lens and an objective lens.
- Measuring CellsThe eyepiece graticule and stage micrometer are used to measure the actual size of specimens.
- Electron MicroscopeThe resolution of a microscope is about half its wavelength.
- Transmission Electron MicroscopeThe transmission electron microscope passes a beam of electrons through a thin specimen and focuses the electrons that have passed through the…
- Scanning Electron MicroscopeThe scanning electron microscope scans the surface of the specimen with a beam of electrons.
- The NucleusThe nucleus is the largest organelle in the cell.
- MitochondriaMitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration.
- ChloroplastsChloroplasts are found in the leaves and stems and are the site of photosynthesis.
- Endoplasmic ReticulumThe endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes surrounding flattened membranous sacs called cisternae.
- Golgi ApparatusThe Golgi Apparatus is a stack of flattened interconnected sacs called cisternae.
- LysosomesVesicles are fluid filled sacs formed from single membranes.
- RibosomesRibosomes are the site of protein synthesis.
- Cell WallThe cell wall encloses all plant cells.
- VacuolesA vacuole is a membrane-bound cell organelle.
- Cell Structure and FunctionThe cell is the basic unit of all living things.
- Cell SpecialisationMulticellular organisms have cells that are specialised to carry out different functions.
- TissuesA tissue is a group of similar cells working together to carry out a specific function.
- OrgansTissues are aggregated into organs.
- Organ SystemsOrgan systems are a collection of organs working together to carry out a function.
- Prokaryotic Cell StructureProkaryotic organisms are unicellular and the cells have a simple structure.
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic CellsIn Eukaryotes, linear DNA exists as many chromosomes associated with histone proteins (chromatin) in the nucleus which is enclosed by the nuclear…
- VirusesViruses are non-living particles made up of nucleic acid (RNA or DNA) enclosed in a protein coat or capsid.
On the specification
- 3.2.1.1 Structure of eukaryotic cells
- 3.2.1.2 Structure of prokaryotic cells and of viruses
- 3.2.1.3 Methods of studying cells