BRAINCAKENucleic Acids
Revision notes for Nucleic Acids in AQA Biology (7401). Every lesson in BrainCake comes with R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps, a quick check and spaced reviews.
- NucleotidesA nucleotide is an organic compound made of three parts: a pentose sugar - a five carbon sugar such as ribose or deoxyribose A phosphate group which…
- RNARNA is a polynucleotide.
- DNADNA is deoxyribonucleic acid.
- Complementary Base PairingThe bases on each strand form hydrogen bonds that hold the two strands together.
- Stability of the Double HelixThe phosphate and sugar groups are joined together by phosphodiester bonds to form the sugar-phosphate backbone of each strand of the DNA molecule.
- Function of DNADNA is the hereditary material.
- Discovering DNA as the Hereditary MaterialScientists used two strains of a bacterium called the S-strain and the R-strain of a bacterium that causes pneumonia.
- DNA Semi-Conservative ReplicationOrganisms grow and reproduce by cell division.
- Evidence for Semi-Conservative ReplicationThe method of DNA replication was confirmed by Meselson and Stahl using the following experiment: E. coli bacteria was grown on a medium containing…
- ATPATP is adenosine triphosphate.
- ATP SynthesisATP is synthesised by the enzyme ATP synthase in a condensation reaction.
- Roles of ATPATP is the immediate energy source of a cell.
- Water and Hydrogen BondingWater is a polar molecule.
- Specific Heat Capacity of WaterThe specific heat capacity is the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C.
- Latent heat of Vaporisation of WaterThe specific latent heat of vaporisation is the energy needed to evaporate 1kg of water without a change in temperature.
- Cohesion and Surface Tension of WaterCohesion is the sticking together of water molecules.
- The Importance of WaterA large proportion of the mass of living organisms is due to water.
- Inorganic IonsInorganic ions are needed by organisms for components of other molecules, to create electrochemical gradients, to create concentration gradients for…
On the specification
- 3.1.5.1 Structure of DNA and RNA
- 3.1.5.2 DNA replication
- 3.1.6 ATP
- 3.1.7 Water
- 3.1.8 Inorganic ions