BRAINCAKENucleic Acids
Revision notes for Nucleic Acids in AQA Biology (7401). Read the start of any lesson here, then sign in free for the whole lesson, the R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps and the quiz.
- NucleotidesA nucleotide is an organic compound made of three parts: a pentose sugar - a five carbon sugar such as ribose or deoxyribose A phosphate group which…
- RNARNA is a polynucleotide.
- DNADNA is deoxyribonucleic acid.
- Complementary Base PairingThe bases on each strand form hydrogen bonds that hold the two strands together.
- Stability of the Double HelixThe phosphate and sugar groups are joined together by phosphodiester bonds to form the sugar-phosphate backbone of each strand of the DNA molecule.
- Function of DNADNA is the hereditary material.
- Discovering DNA as the Hereditary MaterialScientists used two strains of a bacterium called the S-strain and the R-strain of a bacterium that causes pneumonia.
- DNA Semi-Conservative ReplicationOrganisms grow and reproduce by cell division.
- Evidence for Semi-Conservative ReplicationThe method of DNA replication was confirmed by Meselsohn and Stahl using the following experiment: E. coli bacteria was grown on a medium containing…
- ATPATP is adenosine triphosphate.
- ATP SynthesisATP is synthesised by the enzyme ATP synthase in a condensation reaction.
- Roles of ATPATP is the immediate energy source of a cell.
- Water and Hydrogen BondingWater is a polar molecule.
- Specific Heat Capacity of WaterThe specific heat capacity is the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C.
- Latent heat of Vaporisation of WaterThe specific latent heat of vaporisation is the energy needed to evaporate 1kg of water without a change in temperature.
- Cohesion and Surface Tension of WaterCohesion is the sticking together of water molecules.
- The Importance of WaterA large proportion of the mass of living organisms is due to water.
- Inorganic IonsInorganic ions are needed by organisms for components of other molecules, to create electrochemical gradients, to create concentration gradients for…