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Animal coordination, control and homeostasis

Edexcel GCSE BiologyTopic 7 of 922 lessons

Revision notes for Animal coordination, control and homeostasis in Edexcel Biology (1BI0). Every lesson in BrainCake comes with R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps, a quick check and spaced reviews.

  1. Hormones and endocrine glandsHormones are chemical messengers.
  2. Adrenalin and fight or flightThe adrenal glands make the hormone adrenalin when you are frightened, angry or under stress.
  3. Thyroxine and negative feedbackThe thyroid gland makes the hormone thyroxine.
  4. The menstrual cycleThe menstrual cycle is a monthly series of changes in a woman's reproductive system.
  5. Hormone interactions in the menstrual cycleFour hormones interact to control the menstrual cycle.
  6. Hormonal contraceptionOral contraceptives, often called the pill, contain the hormones oestrogen and progesterone.
  7. Evaluate hormonal and barrier methods of contraceptionContraception helps people to prevent pregnancy.
  8. Hormones in Assisted Reproductive TechnologyAssisted Reproductive Technology (ART) helps couples who find it hard to conceive.
  9. Homeostasis and the constant internal environmentHomeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment.
  10. The importance of homeostasisHomeostasis is the control of the internal environment so that conditions inside the body stay roughly constant, even when the outside world changes.
  11. Thermoregulation and the skinThe skin has two main layers.
  12. Shivering, vasoconstriction and vasodilationWhen the hypothalamus detects that the body is too cold, it triggers responses that cut heat loss and release more heat.
  13. Insulin and blood glucose concentrationCells need glucose for respiration, so the blood glucose concentration must be kept fairly constant.
  14. Glucagon and blood glucose concentrationBlood glucose concentration can also fall too low, for example between meals or during long exercise.
  15. Type 1 diabetes: cause and controlType 1 diabetes is caused by the pancreas not producing enough insulin.
  16. Type 2 diabetesIn type 2 diabetes the body cells stop responding properly to the hormone insulin.
  17. Body mass, BMI and type 2 diabetesBody mass index (BMI) compares a person's mass with their height.
  18. Structure of the urinary systemThe urinary system removes waste from the blood and gets rid of it as urine.
  19. Structure of the nephron and filtrationEach kidney contains about a million tiny filtering units called nephrons.
  20. ADH and the collecting ductThe kidneys help to keep the water content of the blood steady.
  21. Treating kidney failureIf the kidneys fail, urea and excess ions build up in the blood and the water content can no longer be controlled.
  22. Urea production in the liverThe body cannot store excess amino acids.

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