BRAINCAKE

Global challenges

OCR GCSE Combined ScienceTopic 6 of 1825 lessons

Revision notes for Global challenges in OCR Combined Science A (J250). Every lesson in BrainCake comes with R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps, a quick check and spaced reviews.

  1. Sampling organisms in a habitatEcologists cannot count every organism in a habitat, so they take samples.
  2. Human interactions and biodiversityBiodiversity is the variety of different living organisms in an area.
  3. Benefits and challenges of conservationMaintaining biodiversity, locally and globally, has many benefits.
  4. Selective breeding of food plants and animalsSelective breeding is when humans choose which organisms breed, so that useful characteristics are passed on.
  5. Genetic engineeringThe genome of an organism is all of its genetic material.
  6. Steps in genetic engineeringGenetic engineering follows a series of steps.
  7. Benefits and risks of gene technology in agricultureGene technology can help to feed a growing population.
  8. Describe the relationship between health and diseaseHealth is a state of complete physical and mental wellbeing.
  9. Describe different types of diseases communicable and non-communicable diseasesA communicable disease is caused by a pathogen and can be passed from one organism to another.
  10. Describe the interactions between different types of disease HIV and tuberculosis, and HPV and cervical cancerOne disease can make another more likely or more serious.
  11. Explain how communicable diseases (caused by viruses, bacteria, protists and fungi) are spread in animals and plantsPathogens spread in several ways.
  12. Explain how the spread of communicable diseases may be reduced or prevented in animals and plantsIn humans, good hygiene reduces spread: washing hands, covering the mouth when coughing and preparing food safely.
  13. Describe a minimum of one common human infection, one plant disease and sexually transmitted infections in humans including HIV/AIDSHuman infections have different pathogens.
  14. White blood cells and platelets in defenceBlood contains cells that defend the body.
  15. Non-specific defences against pathogensThe body has defences that stop pathogens getting in, and others that deal with them once they are inside.
  16. The immune system and diseaseEvery pathogen has molecules on its surface called antigens.
  17. Vaccines and medicinesA vaccine is used to prevent disease.
  18. Discovery and development of new medicinesMany medicines were first found in nature.
  19. Non-communicable diseases and their causesA non-communicable disease cannot be passed from one person to another, because it is not caused by a pathogen.
  20. Treatments for cardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular disease (CVD) affects the heart and blood vessels.
  21. Lifestyle factors and non-communicable diseasesNon-communicable diseases cannot be passed from one person to another.
  22. Cancer and uncontrolled cell divisionCells in the body normally divide in a controlled way to make new cells for growth and repair.
  23. Stem cells in medicineStem cells are undifferentiated cells.
  24. Gene technology in medicineGene technology means changing or using genes.
  25. The human genome and medicineThe genome is all the genetic material in an organism.

All OCR GCSE Combined Science topics