BRAINCAKEChemical analysis
Revision notes for Chemical analysis in AQA Chemistry (8462). Every lesson in BrainCake comes with R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps, a quick check and spaced reviews.
- Pure substancesIn chemistry, a pure substance is a single element or compound that is not mixed with any other substance.
- FormulationsA formulation is a mixture that has been designed as a useful product.
- ChromatographyChromatography is used to separate mixtures and to help identify the substances in them.
- Test for hydrogenHydrogen is a colourless gas with no smell, so you cannot identify it just by looking at it.
- Test for oxygenOxygen makes up about one fifth of the air, but a test tube of pure oxygen behaves very differently from air.
- Test for carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide is a colourless gas that is made when carbonates react with acids and when fuels burn.
- Test for chlorineChlorine is a toxic, pungent gas, so tests are done in small amounts in a fume cupboard.
- Flame testsA flame test can be used to identify some metal ions, which are also called cations.
- Metal hydroxidesSodium hydroxide solution can be used to identify some metal ions.
- CarbonatesCarbonates react with dilute acids to form carbon dioxide gas.
- HalidesHalide ions in solution (chloride, bromide and iodide) are identified with silver nitrate solution.
- SulfatesSulfate ions in solution are identified with barium chloride solution.
- Instrumental methodsElements and compounds can be detected and identified using instrumental methods.
- Flame emission spectroscopyFlame emission spectroscopy is an instrumental method used to analyse metal ions in solutions.