A formulation is a mixture that has been designed as a useful product. Many products are complex mixtures in which each chemical has a particular purpose. Formulations include fuels, cleaning agents, paints, medicines, alloys, fertilisers and foods.
Formulations are made by mixing the components in carefully measured quantities. This makes sure the product has the required properties every time. In a medicine, for example, the amount of each component is controlled so that the dose is safe and effective. In a paint, one component gives the colour and another helps it spread and dry.
You may be asked to identify a formulation from information given. Look for a product made by mixing several components in measured amounts, with each one added for a reason. A formulation is different from a pure substance, which is a single element or compound. You do not need to know the names of the components in products made by companies.