BRAINCAKEReactions of Amines with Acids and Acyl Chlorides
With acids. Amines are bases, so they react with acids to form salts. The lone pair on the nitrogen accepts a proton:
CH3CH2NH2 + HCl → CH3CH2NH3+Cl−
The product, ethylammonium chloride, is a white ionic solid that is soluble in water. Phenylamine, which is only slightly soluble in water, dissolves in hydrochloric acid for the same reason, forming phenylammonium chloride. Adding a strong base such as NaOH removes the proton again and releases the free amine.
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Key terms in this lesson
- nucleophile
- An electron-pair donor that is attracted to a region of positive charge and forms a new covalent bond there.
More in Amines, Amides, Amino Acids and Proteins
- Amines
- Basicity of Amines
- Preparation of Aliphatic Amines
- Preparation of Phenylamine
- Reactions of Amines with Copper(II) Ions
- Amides
- Condensation Polymers - Polyamides
- Amino Acids
All 12 lessons in Amines, Amides, Amino Acids and Proteins · All Edexcel A-level Chemistry topics