BRAINCAKEAromatic Chemistry
Revision notes for Aromatic Chemistry in AQA Chemistry (7405). Every lesson in BrainCake comes with R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps, a quick check and spaced reviews.
- BenzeneBenzene, C6H6, is the simplest arene.
- The Kekulé ModelIn 1865 August Kekulé proposed that benzene is a ring of six carbon atoms joined by alternating single and double bonds, with one hydrogen on each…
- The Delocalised Model of BenzeneThe accepted model of benzene is the delocalised model.
- Evidence for Delocalisation - Enthalpy of HydrogenationEnthalpy changes of hydrogenation give strong numerical evidence that benzene is more stable than the Kekulé structure.
- Naming Aromatic CompoundsMost aromatic compounds are named as substituted benzenes: the substituent is written as a prefix in front of benzene. • C6H5Cl is chlorobenzene…
- Electrophilic SubstitutionBenzene's delocalised ring is a region of high electron density, so it attracts electrophiles.
- Nitration of BenzeneNitration puts a nitro group, NO2, onto a benzene ring.
- Mechanism of NitrationThe nitration of benzene follows the electrophilic substitution mechanism.
- Uses of NitrationNitration is an important step in making many useful compounds.
- Friedel-Crafts AcylationFriedel-Crafts acylation joins an acyl group, RCO, to a benzene ring.
- Mechanism of Friedel-Crafts AcylationFriedel-Crafts acylation follows the electrophilic substitution mechanism.
On the specification
- 3.3.10.1 Bonding
- 3.3.10.2 Electrophilic substitution