BRAINCAKEMechanism of Nitration
The nitration of benzene follows the electrophilic substitution mechanism. You need to be able to write every step.
Forming the electrophile. Concentrated sulfuric acid reacts with concentrated nitric acid to make the nitronium ion, NO2+:
HNO3 + H2SO4 → NO2+ + HSO4− + H2O
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More in Aromatic Chemistry
- The Delocalised Model of Benzene
- Evidence for Delocalisation - Enthalpy of Hydrogenation
- Naming Aromatic Compounds
- Electrophilic Substitution
- Nitration of Benzene
- Uses of Nitration
- Friedel-Crafts Acylation
- Mechanism of Friedel-Crafts Acylation
All 11 lessons in Aromatic Chemistry · All AQA A-level Chemistry topics