BRAINCAKECell biology
Revision notes for Cell biology in AQA Biology (8461). Every lesson in BrainCake comes with R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps, a quick check and spaced reviews.
- Eukaryotes and prokaryotesPlant and animal cells are eukaryotic cells.
- Animal and plant cellsMost animal cells have a nucleus, cytoplasm, a cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes.
- Cell specialisationCells may be specialised to carry out a particular function.
- Cell differentiationA new organism starts as a single cell, which divides again and again.
- MicroscopyMicroscopes have developed over time.
- Culturing microorganisms (biology only)Bacteria multiply by simple cell division, called binary fission.
- ChromosomesThe nucleus of a cell contains chromosomes.
- Mitosis and the cell cycleCells divide in a series of stages called the cell cycle.
- Stem cellsA stem cell is an undifferentiated cell of an organism.
- DiffusionDiffusion is the spreading out of the particles of a gas, or of particles in a solution, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower…
- OsmosisOsmosis is the diffusion of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane.
- Active transportActive transport moves substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution, which is against a concentration gradient.