BRAINCAKEAtomic structure and the periodic table
Revision notes for Atomic structure and the periodic table in AQA Chemistry (8462). Every lesson in BrainCake comes with R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps, a quick check and spaced reviews.
- Atoms, elements and compoundsAll substances are made of atoms.
- MixturesA mixture consists of two or more elements or compounds that are not chemically combined together.
- The development of the model of the atom (common content with physics)New experimental evidence may lead to a scientific model being changed or replaced.
- Relative electrical charges of subatomic particlesAtoms are made of three types of particle.
- Size and mass of atomsAtoms are very small, with a radius of about 0.1 nm (1 × 10-10 m).
- Relative atomic massMany elements are a mixture of isotopes, which have different mass numbers.
- Electronic structureThe electrons in an atom are arranged in energy levels, also called shells.
- The periodic tableThe elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of atomic number, which is also called proton number.
- Development of the periodic tableBefore protons, neutrons and electrons were discovered, scientists tried to sort the elements by arranging them in order of their atomic weights.
- Metals and non-metalsElements that react to form positive ions are metals.
- Group 0The elements in Group 0 are called the noble gases.
- Group 1The elements in Group 1 are known as the alkali metals.
- Group 7The elements in Group 7 are known as the halogens.
- Comparison with Group 1 elementsThe transition elements are the metals in the central block of the periodic table, between Group 2 and Group 3.
- Typical propertiesTransition metals share some typical properties that Group 1 and Group 2 metals do not.