BRAINCAKEAlcohols
Revision notes for Alcohols in Edexcel Chemistry (8CH0). Read the start of any lesson here, then sign in free for the whole lesson, the R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps and the quiz.
- Classifying AlcoholsAlcohols contain the hydroxyl group, -OH, bonded to a saturated carbon atom.
- Reactions of AlcoholsAlcohols take part in several important types of reaction.
- Conversion to HalogenoalkanesThe -OH group of an alcohol can be replaced by a halogen atom to make a halogenoalkane.
- DehydrationDehydration is the removal of a water molecule from an alcohol to form an alkene.
- Oxidation Reactions of AlcoholsAlcohols can be oxidised by warming them with acidified potassium dichromate(VI), K2Cr2O7 in dilute sulfuric acid.
- Purification by Simple DistillationSimple distillation separates a volatile liquid from non-volatile substances, or from liquids whose boiling temperatures are very different.
- Fractional DistillationFractional distillation separates a mixture of miscible liquids whose boiling temperatures are close together.
- Solvent ExtractionSolvent extraction uses two immiscible liquids (liquids that do not mix) to separate substances.
- DryingAfter solvent extraction, the organic layer still contains small amounts of water.
- Test for PurityA pure substance has fixed physical properties.
- Exam Style Question - 1Question Propan-1-ol, CH3CH2CH2OH, can be oxidised to two different organic products.
- Exam Style Question - 2Question A student prepares 1-bromobutane by heating butan-1-ol with sodium bromide and concentrated sulfuric acid under reflux.
- Exam Style Question - 3Question Butan-2-ol, CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3, can be dehydrated to form alkenes.
- Exam Style Question - 4Question A student made 1-bromobutane from 7.40 g of butan-1-ol.
- Exam Style Question - 5Question X, Y and Z are three different alcohols, each with the molecular formula C4H10O.
- Exam Style Question - 6Question Ethanol is oxidised by acidified potassium dichromate(VI).