Skip to content

Pressure, force and area

Pressure tells you how concentrated a force is. It depends on two things: the size of the force and the area it acts over. For the same area, a bigger force gives a bigger pressure. For the same force, a smaller area gives a bigger pressure, because the force is concentrated on a small patch. Spreading the same force over a large area gives a small pressure.

Sharp objects work because their area is tiny. The tip of a drawing pin has a very small area, so a gentle push from your thumb creates a very high pressure that drives the pin into a board. A knife is kept sharp for the same reason: the thinner the edge, the smaller the area, and the greater the pressure for the same force.

Wide objects work the other way round. Skis spread a person's weight over a large area, so the pressure on the snow is small and the skier does not sink. A tractor has wide tyres, which reduces the pressure on soft ground. If the area is doubled while the force stays the same, the pressure becomes half as big.

Read the text

Read the text and highlight anything you think is important. When you go on, the text is hidden and you answer from memory.