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Transverse and Longitudinal Waves

Edexcel AS-level PhysicsWavesLesson 5 of 22

Waves are classified by the direction of the oscillations compared with the direction in which the wave transfers energy.

In a transverse wave the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer. Examples are waves on a string, ripples on water and all electromagnetic waves, in which the electric and magnetic fields oscillate at right angles to the direction of travel. A transverse wave has crests and troughs.

Diagram

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