The energy transferred depends on how much charge moves and on the potential difference it moves through. The equation is:
energy transferred = charge moved × potential difference, or E = Q × V.
Energy is in joules, J, charge is in coulombs, C, and potential difference is in volts, V. For example, 5 C of charge moving through a potential difference of 3 V transfers 5 × 3 = 15 J. A 1.5 V cell passing 10 C of charge transfers 15 J as well.
The equation can be rearranged. Charge = energy ÷ potential difference, so Q = E ÷ V. Potential difference = energy ÷ charge, so V = E ÷ Q. For example, 60 J transferred at 12 V means 60 ÷ 12 = 5 C of charge has moved.