BRAINCAKESingle and Double Covalent Bonds
Pairs of electrons that are not involved in covalent bonding are called lone pairs.
Dot-and-cross diagrams can be used to show covalent bonding. Carbon forms 4 bonds as it is in group 4 and needs to share 4 electron to gain the electron configuration of neon. Nitrogen forms 3 bonds and oxygen forms two bonds as they are in group 6 and 7 respectively. Fluorine and hydrogen form 1 bond as only one additional electron is needed.
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Key terms in this lesson
- Atomic orbital
- A region in space around the nucleus where there is a 95% probability of finding an electron of a given energy.
- Covalent bond
- A strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms.
- Period
- A horizontal row of the periodic table, containing elements with the same number of electron shells.
More in Bonding
- Magnesium Oxide
- Ionic Lattices
- Properties of Ionic Compounds
- Covalent bonds and Small Molecules
- Co-ordinate Bonding
- Metallic Bonding
- Properties of Metals
- Electronegativity
All 30 lessons in Bonding · All AQA AS-level Chemistry topics