Mitosis

OCR AS-level BiologyCell DivisionLesson 3 of 31

Mitosis is important in growth, repair and asexual reproduction. Mitosis is the process where the nucleus of a cell divides into two daughter nuclei.

The two daughter nuclei are genetically identical to each other and the parent nucleus that gave rise to it.

There are four stages of mitosis:

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nucleolus: A spherical structure within the nucleus where ribosomal RNA is made and combined with protein to form ribosomes.
mitochondrion: An organelle with a double membrane, the inner one folded into cristae, that is the site of aerobic respiration and ATP production.
centriole: A structure made of microtubules that organises the spindle fibres during cell division.
chromatin: The complex of DNA loosely coiled around histone proteins found in the nucleus between cell divisions.
ATP: Adenosine triphosphate, a nucleotide that acts as the immediate energy source of a cell, releasing energy when hydrolysed to ADP and inorganic phosphate.