Graphite and Graphene
Graphite is a giant covalent structure. It is made of hexagonally arranged carbon atoms covalently bonded together. Each carbon atom uses three of the outer electrons to form three covalent bonds with three other carbon atoms.

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Key terms in this lesson
- Covalent bond
- A strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms.
- London forces
- Weak intermolecular forces caused by an instantaneous dipole inducing a dipole in a neighbouring molecule.
- Delocalised electrons
- Electrons that are not associated with a single atom or bond and are free to move throughout a structure.
- Giant covalent lattice
- A structure in which large numbers of atoms are held together throughout by strong covalent bonds.
More in Periodicity
- Trends in First Ionisation Energies Down a Group
- Beryllium and Boron
- Nitrogen and Oxygen
- Metallic Bonding
- Properties of Metals
- Giant Covalent Structures
- Diamond
- Periodic Trends in Melting Points
All 14 lessons in Periodicity · All OCR AS-level Chemistry topics