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Heterogeneous Systems

Edexcel AS-level ChemistryReversible Reactions and Dynamic EquilibriumLesson 11 of 18

In a heterogeneous system the species are in more than one phase. When writing Kc, solids are left out of the expression (and so are pure liquids that are not part of a solution).

The reason is that the concentration of a pure solid is fixed by its density and molar mass. Adding more of the solid does not change its concentration, so it is effectively constant and is included in the value of Kc.

Example 1.

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Key terms in this lesson

equilibrium constant
A value, Kc, expressing the ratio of product to reactant concentrations at equilibrium for a reaction at a given temperature.

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