Heating a Solid, Liquid or Gas

AQA AS-level ChemistryBondingLesson 26 of 30

The three states of matter are solid, liquid and gas. Matter is anything with mass and it is made of tiny particles in constant motion.

solid	liquid	gas
regular arrangement of particles	random arrangement of particles	random arrangement of particles
shapes have definite edges and crystals have straight edges	liquid changes shape to fill the container	will expand to fill the container
particles close together	particles fairy close together	particles far apart
not easily compressed	not easily compressed	easily compressed
vibrate about a point	jostle about rapidly	move rapidly in random directions
Solids expand on heating and diffusion is very slow.	liquids evaporate and diffusion is slow	diffusion is rapid and gases exert pressure

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Enthalpy: A measure of the heat energy stored in a chemical system.
Enthalpy change: The heat energy transferred between the system and its surroundings during a process carried out at constant pressure.