BRAINCAKEAldehydes and Ketones
Revision notes for Aldehydes and Ketones in AQA Chemistry (7405). Every lesson in BrainCake comes with R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps, a quick check and spaced reviews.
- Aldehydes and KetonesAldehydes and ketones are carbonyl compounds: they contain the carbonyl group, C=O. • In an aldehyde, the carbonyl group is at the end of the carbon…
- Naming Carbonyl CompoundsCarbonyl compounds are named from the longest carbon chain containing the C=O group.
- Oxidation of AldehydesAldehydes are easily oxidised to carboxylic acids.
- Tollens' ReagentTollens' reagent is a mild oxidising agent used to distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
- Fehling's SolutionFehling's solution is another mild oxidising agent used to distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
- Reduction with NaBH4Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced to alcohols using sodium tetrahydridoborate(III), NaBH4, in aqueous solution.
- Nucleophilic Addition MechanismAldehydes and ketones react by nucleophilic addition.
- Reaction with KCN and HydroxynitrilesAldehydes and ketones react with potassium cyanide, KCN, followed by dilute acid, to form hydroxynitriles.
- Hazards of KCNPotassium cyanide is highly toxic.
On the specification
- 3.3.8 Aldehydes and ketones