BRAINCAKEAldehydes and Ketones
Revision notes for Aldehydes and Ketones in AQA Chemistry (7405). Read the start of any lesson here, then sign in free for the whole lesson, the R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps and the quiz.
- Aldehydes and KetonesAldehydes and ketones are carbonyl compounds: they contain the carbonyl group, C=O. • In an aldehyde, the carbonyl group is at the end of the carbon…
- Naming Carbonyl CompoundsCarbonyl compounds are named from the longest carbon chain containing the C=O group.
- Oxidation of AldehydesAldehydes are easily oxidised to carboxylic acids.
- Tollens' ReagentTollens' reagent is a mild oxidising agent used to distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
- Fehling's SolutionFehling's solution is another mild oxidising agent used to distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
- Reduction with NaBH4Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced to alcohols using sodium tetrahydridoborate(III), NaBH4, in aqueous solution.
- Nucleophilic Addition MechanismAldehydes and ketones react by nucleophilic addition.
- Reaction with KCN and HydroxynitrilesAldehydes and ketones react with potassium cyanide, KCN, followed by dilute acid, to form hydroxynitriles.
- Hazards of KCNPotassium cyanide is highly toxic.