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Urine

Edexcel A-level BiologyHomeostasisLesson 18 of 41

Urine is the fluid that leaves the collecting ducts and is stored in the bladder. It is what remains of the glomerular filtrate after selective reabsorption and secretion.

Urine normally contains:

• water
• urea, the main nitrogenous waste, made in the liver from excess amino acids
• mineral ions such as Na+, K+ and Cl−, in amounts that balance the diet
• creatinine, a breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscles
• hormones and their breakdown products, and some drugs

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Key terms in this lesson

creatinine
A breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscle, excreted in urine.
hcg
Human chorionic gonadotrophin, a hormone made by the embryo that is detected by pregnancy test strips.

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