cyclic AMP
When cAMP receptor protein (CRP) is bound to cyclic AMP it can bind to the promoter and enhance the rate of transcription by RNA polymerase, upregulating the gene and causing more protein to be produced. When CRP is not bound to cAMP it cannot bind to the promoter and transcription occurs at a slower rate. The transport of glucose into E. coli reduces the amounts of cAMP in the cell.

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