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Acceleration in free fall and everyday accelerations

An object is in free fall when the only force acting on it is gravity. Near the surface of the Earth its acceleration is g = 10 m/s2. This means its speed increases by 10 m/s every second. A stone dropped from rest is moving at 10 m/s after 1 s, 20 m/s after 2 s and 30 m/s after 3 s. In real life air resistance reduces the acceleration, but the value 10 m/s2 is used when air resistance is ignored. Then a heavy ball and a light ball fall together.

You should also be able to estimate the size of everyday accelerations. A person starting to walk accelerates at about 0.5 m/s2, a cyclist speeding up at about 1 m/s2, and a car pulling away at about 2 m/s2. A car braking hard slows down at about 8 m/s2, which is close to the acceleration in free fall. Estimates like these only need to be the right order of size.

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