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Organic Chemistry

AQA AS-level ChemistryTopic 11 of 1617 lessons

Revision notes for Organic Chemistry in AQA Chemistry (7404). Every lesson in BrainCake comes with R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps, a quick check and spaced reviews.

  1. CarbonOrganic chemistry is the study of compounds of carbon.
  2. Empirical FormulaThe empirical formula is the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.
  3. Molecular FormulaThe molecular formula is the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
  4. Displayed FormulaA displayed formula shows every atom in a molecule and every bond between them.
  5. Structural FormulaA structural formula shows the arrangement of atoms carbon by carbon, using the minimum detail and without drawing the bonds.
  6. Skeletal FOrmulaA skeletal formula is the simplest way to draw an organic molecule.
  7. Bond BreakingWhen a covalent bond breaks, the two electrons in the shared pair can be shared out in two ways.
  8. NomenclatureOrganic compounds are named using the IUPAC system of nomenclature, so that every compound has one name that chemists everywhere understand.
  9. Functional GroupsA functional group is an atom or group of atoms responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of a molecule.
  10. Homologous SeriesA homologous series is a family of organic compounds with the same functional group and the same general formula.
  11. Structural IsomerismStructural isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae.
  12. StereoisomerismStereoisomers have the same structural formula but a different arrangement of atoms in space.
  13. Exam Style Question - 1Question: A hydrocarbon contains 85.7% carbon and 14.3% hydrogen by mass.
  14. Exam Style Question - 2Question: Give the IUPAC name of (CH3)2CHCH2CH2Br.
  15. Exam Style Question - 3Question: Draw and name all the structural isomers with the molecular formula C5H12.
  16. Exam Style Question - 4Question: Explain why but-2-ene has E-Z isomers but but-1-ene does not.
  17. Exam Style Question - 5Question: Name the functional groups in HOCH2CH2COOH and give the IUPAC name of the compound.

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