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Vanadium

Vanadium has four stable ions in solution which exist in oxidation states +2, +3, +4 and +5.
+5    VO2+(aq)    yellow
+4    VO2+(aq)    blue
+3    V3+(aq)    green
+2    V2+(aq)    violet
Vanadium (V) can be reduced by adding it to zinc metal in an acidic solution. The solution turns from yellow to blue to green to violet

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Specification: OCR Chemistry A (H432), A-level, 5.3.1 Transition elements. Topic: Transition Metals.

Key terms in this lesson

reduction
The gain of electrons by an atom, ion or molecule, or a decrease in oxidation number.

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