BRAINCAKECarbonyl Compounds
Revision notes for Carbonyl Compounds in OCR Chemistry A (H432). Every lesson in BrainCake comes with R.E.C.I.P.E. recall steps, a quick check and spaced reviews.
- Carbonyl CompoundsAldehydes and ketones are carbonyl compounds because they contain the C=O group.
- Preparation of Aldehydes and KetonesAldehydes can be prepared from the oxidation of primary alcohols using potassium dichromate VI acidified with sulfuric acid.
- Reduction of Aldehydes and KetonesReduction of aldehydes and ketones to primary and secondary alcohols occurs by nucleophilic addition.
- Reaction with Hydrogen CyanideAldehydes and Ketones react with HCN to give hydroxynitriles.
- Silver Mirror TestThe silver mirror test is used as a test for aldehydes.
- 2,4-DNP Test for Carbonyl CompoundsOnce a carbonyl compound has been identified as an aldehyde or ketone, further tests can be carried out to identify the compound.
- Carboxylic AcidsThe functional group of carboxylic acids is the carboxyl group -COOH.
- EstersEsters are formed from the reaction of carboxylic acids and alcohols in the presence of a strong acid catalyst.
- Fats and OilsAnimal and vegetable fats and oils are esters of long-chain carboxylic acids (fatty acids) and glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) and are known as…
- HealthFoods high in saturated fats are thought to increase the risk of heart disease by raising cholesterol levels in the blood.
- Acyl ChloridesAcyl chlorides are carboxylic acid derivatives.
- BiodieselBiodiesel is a renewable fuel that can be made from triglyceride esters in oil crops such as rape seed.