BRAINCAKEReaction with PCl5
Carboxylic acids react with phosphorus(V) chloride, PCl5, to form acyl chlorides. The OH group of the acid is replaced by a chlorine atom.
RCOOH + PCl5 → RCOCl + POCl3 + HCl
Conditions: solid PCl5 is added to the acid at room temperature. Everything must be dry, because both PCl5 and the acyl chloride react with water.
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Key terms in this lesson
- acyl chloride
- A reactive carboxylic acid derivative, RCOCl, in which the OH of the acid is replaced by a chlorine atom.
More in Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
- Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
- Preparation of Carboxylic Acids
- Reduction of Carboxylic Acids
- Reactions with Bases
- Esterification
- Acyl Chlorides
- Reactions of Acyl Chlorides with Water, Alcohols, Ammonia and Amines
- Esters
All 12 lessons in Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives · All Edexcel A-level Chemistry topics