Producing monoclonal antibodies1. Mice are exposed to the non-self antigen for which the antibodies are required.2. The mouse B cells producing the required antibodies are extracted from the mouse spleen.3. The mouse B cells are mixed with cells from a cancer tumour so they will divide readily outside the body.4. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is added to fuse the cell membranes of both types of cell together into a hybridoma.5. The hybridoma cells are separated under a microscope and each single cell is cloned.
Producing Monoclonal Antibodies
Read the text
Read the text and highlight anything you think is important. When you go on, the text is hidden and you answer from memory.
Specification: AQA Biology (7401), AS-level, 3.2.4 Cell recognition and the immune system. Topic: Cell Recognition and the Immune System.
Key terms in this lesson
- antigen
- A protein or glycoprotein, usually on a cell surface, that is recognised as foreign by the immune system and triggers an immune response.
- antibody
- A Y-shaped protein, made of four polypeptide chains with variable regions complementary to a specific antigen, produced by B plasma cells.
- B-lymphocyte
- A type of white blood cell, matured in the bone marrow, responsible for the humoral immune response and antibody production.
- monoclonal antibody
- An antibody produced from a single clone of B cells, identical in structure and specific to one antigen.
More in Cell Recognition and the Immune System
- Drug Delivery and Therapy
- Medical Diagnosis
- Pregnancy Testing
- Ethics
- Active, Passive, Natural and Artificial Immunity
- Vaccination
- Herd Immunity
- Vaccination Programme Failure
All 30 lessons in Cell Recognition and the Immune System · All AQA AS-level Biology topics