Chemiosmosis
There are 'stalked particles' or ATP synthase in the thylakoid membrane. ATP synthase is a proton channel and an enzyme. For every three protons that pass through the channel, one molecule of ATP is made from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

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Key terms in this lesson
- ATP
- Adenosine triphosphate, the universal energy currency of cells, which releases energy for cellular reactions when hydrolysed to ADP and inorganic phosphate.
- Thylakoid
- A flattened, membrane-bound disc within a chloroplast, stacked into grana, where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur.
More in Energy for Biological Processes
- ATP
- Chloroplasts
- Photosynthetic pigments
- Photosystems
- Cyclic Photophosphorylation
- Non-cyclic Photophosphorylation
- Calvin Cycle
All 8 lessons in Energy for Biological Processes · All OCR A-level Biology topics