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Quadrats and Transects

OCR A-level BiologyEcosystemsLesson 20 of 21

Quadrats are used to sample plants and slow-moving or sessile animals.

A frame quadrat is a square frame (often 0.5 m × 0.5 m or 1 m × 1 m), often divided into 100 smaller squares. Abundance can be recorded as:

• density: number of individuals per unit area (for plants that can be counted)
• percentage cover: percentage of the quadrat area covered by a species (for plants such as grass or moss where individuals are hard to count)
• frequency: the proportion of quadrats (or small squares) in which a species occurs

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