The relationship between the amount of refraction and the materials the light is passing through is given by Snell's Law.The angle of refraction is always less than the angle of incidence from air to glass. Partial reflection also occurs when light goes from air to glass.
The Refractive Index
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Specification: AQA Physics (7407), AS-level, 3.3.2.3 Refraction at a plane surface. Topic: Optics.