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Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones

Aldehydes can be prepared from the oxidation of primary alcohols using potassium dichromate VI acidified with sulfuric acid. The aldehyde has a relatively low boiling point and can be distilled off as it is formed.Ketones can be prepared by refluxing secondary alcohols with acidified potassium dichromate VI.The dichromate VI ion is reduced to the Cr3+ ion.Cr2O72- + 14 H+ + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O

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Specification: OCR Chemistry A (H432), A-level, 6.1.2 Carbonyl compounds. Topic: Carbonyl Compounds.

Key terms in this lesson

oxidation
A reaction in which hydrogen atoms are removed from, or oxygen atoms are added to, an organic molecule.
primary alcohol
An alcohol in which the -OH group is attached to a carbon atom bonded to only one alkyl group.
secondary alcohol
An alcohol in which the -OH group is attached to a carbon atom bonded to two alkyl groups.

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All 12 lessons in Carbonyl Compounds · All OCR A-level Organic Chemistry topics