BRAINCAKEHydrogen Bonding
Hydrogen bonds are permanent dipole-dipole interactions between the hydrogen in a H-F, H-N or H-O bond and an electronegative atom containing a lone pair such as oxygen, nitrogen and fluorine and are the strongest type of intermolecular interactions having some covalent character.
The shape around the hydrogen atom is linear.
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Key terms in this lesson
- Lone pair
- A pair of outer-shell electrons that is not involved in bonding.
- Dipole
- A separation of opposite partial charges caused by an uneven distribution of the bonding electron pair.
- Permanent dipole-dipole interactions
- Attractive forces between the permanent dipoles of polar molecules.
More in Bonding
- Trends in Electronegativity
- Polar Covalent Bonds
- Dipole-Dipole Forces
- Van der Waals forces
- Boiling Point of Hydrides
- The Importance of Hydrogen Bonding
- Electron Pair Repulsion Theory
- Two Pairs of Electrons
All 30 lessons in Bonding · All AQA AS-level Chemistry topics