Ligand Substitution Reactions
If concentrated HCl is added to a solution of hexaaquacopper (II) ions the solution turns from blue to yellow. The reaction is driven by the high concentration of chloride ions and the increase in the number of particles from 5 to 7. The reaction is endothermic but there is little enthalpy change because bonds are of similar strength.

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All 21 lessons in Transition Metals · All Edexcel A-level Chemistry topics