BRAINCAKEIntegration Traces
The area under each peak in a 1H NMR spectrum is proportional to the number of hydrogen atoms in that environment. The spectrometer shows this as an integration trace: a line drawn across the spectrum that rises in a step at each peak. The height of each step is proportional to the area of the peak below it.
To use an integration trace:
1. measure the height of each step
2. divide each height by the smallest one and find the simplest whole-number ratio
3. compare with the molecular formula: the numbers in the ratio should add up to the total number of H, or a factor of it
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More in Modern Analytical Techniques
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All 15 lessons in Modern Analytical Techniques · All Edexcel A-level Chemistry topics