If concentrated HCl is added to a solution of hexaaquacopper (II) ions the solution turns from blue to yellow. The high concentration of Cl- ions moves the position of equilibrium to the right. There is little enthalpy change because bonds are of similar strength.[Cu (H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- ⇌ [CuCl4]2- + 6H2OWhen monodentate ligands are substituted with bidentate ligands the number of particles increases and the entropy is greater. Reactions that increase the total entropy are more likely to occur.Ligand substitution reactions are reversible and the equilibrium constant is called the stability constant.
Ligand Substitution Reactions
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Specification: AQA Chemistry (7405), A-level, 3.2.5.2 Substitution reactions. Topic: Transition Metals.
More in Transition Metals
- Shapes of complex ions
- Isomerism
- Formation of Coloured Ions
- Spectroscopy
- Vanadium
- Tollens Reagent
- Redox Potential
- Redox Titrations
All 21 lessons in Transition Metals · All AQA A-level Chemistry topics