BRAINCAKEReaction Conditions and Reagents
In a synthesis question, marks are given for the correct reagent and the correct conditions. The same reagent can give different products under different conditions, so the conditions must always be stated.
Solvent: aqueous or ethanolic
• NaOH or KOH in water, warm: haloalkane → alcohol (substitution)
• KOH in ethanol, hot: haloalkane → alkene (elimination)
Distil or reflux
• Primary alcohol + acidified K2Cr2O7, distil the product off as it forms → aldehyde
• Excess oxidising agent, heat under reflux → carboxylic acid
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All 6 lessons in Organic Synthesis · All AQA A-level Chemistry topics