BRAINCAKESubstitution of Bases
A mutation may arise where one nucleotide base is substituted for another.
For example if in the triplet code GTC cytosine is substituted with guanine, the triplet code will read GTG and code for histidine rather than glutamine. This is called a base substitution and the effect will depend on the role the amino acid plays in the protein.
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Key terms in this lesson
- active site
- The region of an enzyme, formed by the tertiary structure, with a shape complementary to its substrate, where the substrate binds.
- nucleotide
- A molecule made of a pentose sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base.
- triplet code
- A code in which a sequence of three DNA bases (a triplet) codes for one amino acid.
- mutation
- A random change in the amount, arrangement or base sequence of the DNA of an organism.
More in Genetic Diversity
- Mutations
- Chromosome Mutations
- Gene Mutations
- Deletion of Bases
- Polyploidy and Hybrids
- Meiosis
- The Process of Meiosis
- Genetic Recombination by Crossing Over
All 19 lessons in Genetic Diversity · All AQA AS-level Biology topics