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Sympatric Speciation

Sympatric speciation occurs more commonly in plants than animals and occurs less than allopatric speciation. The different species occupy the same habitat but have evolved to fill different niches or have become reproductively isolated in some way.Hybridisation occurs when two species interbreed to form fertile offspring. The offspring cannot interbreed with either parent species and there is no gene flow between the parents and offspring.Resident and transient orcas avoid each other and do not interbreed. Although they inhabit the same waters, they hunt different prey species, vocalise differently and have different social structures.

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Specification: OCR Biology A (H420), A-level, 6.1.2 Patterns of inheritance. Topic: Genetics and Variation.

Key terms in this lesson

Gene flow
The transfer of alleles between populations, caused by the migration of individuals or gametes.
Reproductive isolation
The prevention of gene flow between populations because they are unable to interbreed successfully, a necessary condition for speciation.
Allopatric speciation
The formation of new species as a result of populations becoming geographically separated, preventing gene flow, so that they diverge genetically over time.

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All 41 lessons in Genetics and Variation · All OCR A-level Biology topics