BRAINCAKEDiscovery of Glycolysis
For much of the 19th century, scientists argued about how fermentation happens. Louis Pasteur showed that the fermentation of sugar is carried out by living yeast, and he believed it could only happen inside intact living cells.
In 1897 Eduard Buchner ground yeast with sand and pressed out a cell-free extract. When he added sugar, it still fermented, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide. This showed that fermentation is caused by enzymes (which he called zymase), not by some 'vital force' of the living cell. Buchner won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1907, and his work helped to found biochemistry.
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All 20 lessons in Cellular Respiration · All Edexcel A-level Biology topics