Chromosome segregation is the process in eukaryotes by which two sister chromatids formed as a consequence of DNA replication, or paired homologous chromosomes, separate from each other and migrate to opposite poles of the nucleus.This segregation process occurs during both mitosis and meiosis.In the second meiotic division, chromatids line up on the equator. The orientation of the chromosomes on the equator is random.Each sister chromatid is genetically different from the other due to crossing over during prophase 1.When the chromatids move apart during anaphase II the combinations of chromatids in the daughter cells are a matter of chance.
Independent Segregation of Chromatids
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Specification: AQA Biology (7401), AS-level, 3.4.3 Genetic diversity can arise as a result of mutation or during. Topic: Genetic Diversity.
Key terms in this lesson
- eukaryotic cell
- A cell that has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
- mitosis
- Nuclear division that produces two daughter nuclei, each genetically identical to the parent nucleus.
- chromatid
- One of two identical copies of a chromosome, joined at the centromere, formed by DNA replication.
- homologous chromosomes
- A pair of chromosomes, one from each parent, that carry the same genes at the same loci but may carry different alleles.
- meiosis
- A type of nuclear division that produces four genetically different haploid daughter cells (gametes) from a diploid parent cell.
More in Genetic Diversity
- Meiosis
- The Process of Meiosis
- Genetic Recombination by Crossing Over
- Independent Segregation of Chromosomes
- Number of Chromosome Combinations
- Genetic Diversity
- Natural Selection
- Peppered Moths
All 19 lessons in Genetic Diversity · All AQA AS-level Biology topics