BRAINCAKEDNA Hybridisation
DNA hybridisation is the binding of a single strand of DNA (or RNA) to another single strand with a complementary base sequence. It is how a DNA probe finds its target.
1. The DNA sample to be tested is heated to around 95 °C. This breaks the hydrogen bonds between complementary bases, so the double helix separates into single strands.
2. The labelled probe is added.
3. The mixture is cooled. Complementary bases pair up and new hydrogen bonds form. If the sample contains a sequence complementary to the probe, the probe binds to it, forming a hybrid double strand of probe and sample DNA.
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Key terms in this lesson
- allele
- One of two or more alternative versions of a gene, occupying the same locus on homologous chromosomes.
More in Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
- Patenting
- GM animals
- Gene Therapy
- DNA Probes
- Locating Specific Alleles with Probes
- Genetic Screening
- Genetic Counselling
- Personalised Medicine
All 23 lessons in Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology · All AQA A-level Biology topics